MALAYSIA
Labuan is an Island and a major port of the coast of Borneo. Its name derives from “labohan” meaning anchorage, port. Known as a safe anchorage since the 13th century Labuan has often been visited by Arab traders, then Portuguese in the 16th century and British in the 18th century. Labuan officially became a Territory and duty free port in 1956 although Rajah James Brooke has declared it a port of free trade already in 1847. It became famous coal mining district in the 1840s with coal being used to fuel steam ships.
There are remnants of the old era everywhere. The Chimney is an archeological mystery, possibly being a ventilation shaft for the mines, or lighthouse, or bell tower. Its purpose is still being debated. The Sikhs started work in the mines, then settled here for generations and are still living in Labuan. The memorial edifice is one of the prominent buildings here. Many migrant laborers arrived to work on pepper and tobacco plantations. Also Chinese settlers and merchants have seen an opportunity and settled in Labuan. One of the Chinese merchants has built the clock tower. 
There were three years in the history of Labuan that it was called Maida Island in honor of the Japanese general and his forces occupying Labuan. Liberated in 1945 by Allied Forces, Labuan has a landmark – Surrender Point where Japanese have signed their surrender. The quiet war continued though and many POW died after the surrender. The War Memorial is a living memory of those that died in combat or later in The Death March from Sandakan to Ranau. Finally in 1988 Japanese built The Peace Park.
Now, Labuan is a holiday destination for those that work on nearby oilrigs. It has fabulous beaches, restaurants and duty free shopping makes it even more attractive for many.
